Use data from a sample survey to estimate a population mean or proportion; develop a margin of error through the use of simulation models for random sampling.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Use data from a randomized experiment to compare two treatments; use simulations to decide if differences between parameters are significant.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Evaluate reports based on data.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Represent data with plots on the real number line (dot plots, histograms, and box plots).

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Use statistics appropriate to the shape of the data distribution to compare center (median, mean) and spread (interquartile range, standard deviation) of two or more different data sets.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Interpret differences in shape, center, and spread in the context of the data sets, accounting for possible effects of extreme data points (outliers).

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Use the mean and standard deviation of a data set to fit it to a normal distribution and to estimate population percentages. Recognize that there are data sets for which such a procedure is not appropriate. Use calculators, spreadsheets, and tables to estimate areas under the normal curve.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Summarize categorical data for two categories in two-way frequency tables. Interpret relative frequencies in the context of the data (including joint, marginal, and conditional relative frequencies). Recognize possible associations and trends in the data.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Represent data on two quantitative variables on a scatter plot, and describe how the variables are related.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12

Fit a function to the data; use functions fitted to data to solve problems in the context of the data. Use given functions or choose a function suggested by the context. Emphasize linear, quadratic, and exponential models.

Grade levels
09, 10, 11, 12